• Analogies use one idea that you are already familiar with and compare it to something similar that are not familiar with, this helps you to understand the idea better.
• Conversations move around organically, from one subject to the next. Your input wont end the conversation, only further it.
• Goal of a conversation is to learn a little bit from other people and to contribute to the conversation by making them think of something in a different way.
• An entry point in a conversation is like exigence in writing.
• When calling someone out for being wrong, you need to think about who the person is and how much power they have.
• When doing something that is risky such as calling out someone who has a phd on being wrong, that can further your analogy. But you need to know what your talking about, you must have ethos.
• Pathos deals with emotion. Logos is an appeal to logic/reason. Ethos can just be building off of someone else’s idea or connecting two already existing ideas, or attach your claim to someone else’s idea.
• Ethos comes down to credibility, you need to prove to the reader that you have something relevant to say about the subject.
• Preface introduces the product and explaining where its coming from, why you’re reading it.
• Introduction is for people who already committed to reading and preface is for people who might want to read it.
• Graff/Birkenstien mention that they are professors to establish credibility, also mention how Birkenstien succesfully used this book to teach her students. (ethos)
• Learned from Joseph Harris: define the project, note key words, consider limits/uses.
• “They say I say” outlines different teaching and writing techniques that some people may know, but a lot of people are not aware of. One of the main ideas is democratizing academic writing and spreading out the knowledge evenly.