• Quoting
o Need to have sufficient context!
Just placing quotes into your writing (orphan quotes) does not make it clear enough to the reader what the quote means in regards to your topic/main idea
o Keep the ideas attached to the people, make it clear why you’re saying it
Quotation sandwich:
• Introduce the quote (author, type of publication, why that quote)
• Say the quote
• Interpretation of the quote ( give explanations, tie it together with your point to make sure the reader understands what you were intending them to get out of it)
o Your job is to give the quote meaning
• How to decide to quote vs. paraphrase
o If the language of what you’re quoting is central to what you are talking about, you need to quote
o If you don’t want to be associated with the quote of have people confuse you as the person saying it
o If someone says something so elegantly that you don’t want to alter it at all
o Honestly, it’s a judgment call by you as a writer
Need to consider emphasis (use sparingly, no more than 1 per page as a general rule)
ONLY QUOTE WHEN YOU HAVE A REASON TO DO SO
IF YOU DON’T UNDERSTAND THE QUOTE, DON’T USE IT!
• How to take notes
o Look at handout
o Use intentional effort and give what you are reading some thought
• To do for Wednesday
o Take notes in an intentional method on your article and email it
o Make a quotation sandwich for a quote from the article
Month: February 2016
Class Notes 2/24/2016
“Writers who make strong claims need to map their claims relative to those of other people” (They Say I Say 30).
Agenda:
- Make sense of the genre of scholarly articles (new genre for us)
- Summary (as a tool of research writing)
Genre
- Category/Type (different styles) short story, poem, etc
- Music, film, books
- like/don’t like
- sorting tool
- what makes a genre? perception, subject/content, style
- organized (easier to find stuff)
- flexible
- response to a recurring rhetorical situation
- figure out how genre works: better writers, better readers (use similar techniques), more flexible writers (tools for new situations)
Article Activity
- Intro/early childhood
- relate concepts (identify), why?(we could do more)
- how they do it
- questions (how education/social science overlaps with public health)
- methodology of studies
- survey of literature in fields of education of public health looking at crossover
- k-12
- facts using pro and cons, open for interpretation
- free lunch-more aware of healthy choices, could increase obesity (both sides)
- smaller class size does not have as positive an outcome as they were looking for
- abstract
- what they did how they did it
- review evidence from studies, which educational components are necessary for good health outcomes at all education levels?
- higher ed
- factors already in play continue into higher ed, good education, good college experience. Not as good education will lead to no college or not as productive an experience
- college=better health
- increase people going, doesn’t reduce health inequalities, then the elite schools will have better health
- not all govt controlled
- conclusion
- summarized studies, warrant new studies, use public education to promote public health
Scholarly Article Format
- Introduction
- Literature Review
- Methodology
- Data
- Interpretation/Findings
- Conclusion (should give a “So What?”)
Reminders:
- Service Reflection #2 due by the end of the day on Friday
- Bring a scholarly article related to your topic of interest to class on Monday
- Service Reflection #3 is due on Monday as well
In Class Activity 2/22
- I am interested in where race, oppression, and public health bump into each other.
- Here are some of the search terms I’m finding productive in this quest: Race, class, oppression, public health, and death are some of them.
- Here is an article I’ve found at this intersection (include title, author, place of publication, not just a url): Critical Race Theory, Race Equity, and Public Health: Toward Antiracism Praxis, by Ford, Chandra L, PhD; Airhihenbuwa, Collins O, PhD, published in the American Journal of Public Health.
- In this article, research is constantly working through it to explain their theories by using sources through borrowing and extending. Many of their sources used in the beginning of the piece comes from sources of research that go against their argument. They then put their own spin to the source and drags it right back around to their personal research and thoughts by extending the source with their own theories. By the end of the piece, they authorize and borrow from research to further prove their chosen theory for the piece.
In class assignment 2/22
1. I am interested in how end-of-life care is incorporated into public health as well as its effect on the loved ones of the person that is terminal. I’m also curious to see how income effects the availability of ideal end-of-life care situations.
2. End-of-life-care, family members, problems, terminal, hospice, public health, poverty, conditions, hospital, palliative
3. Author: Jeroen Hasselaar and Sheila Payne
Title: Moving the integration of palliative care from idea to practice
Place of publication: Sage Journals
Url: http://pmj.sagepub.com/content/30/3/197.full
4. This article is basically a call-to-action. The author present was resources and ideas we have available to improve care for terminal people and say that there is a need. They point out that although some measures have been taken, we need to and can take more. The authors use the “borrowing technique” by siting many other sources in their article. They us the sources to support their claims that there is more we need to do and that we know what to do next. There isn’t really much illustrating being done because he doesn’t in my opinion really inforce the fact that this is a problem. Extending is used a little when they use their sources to try to prove that there is something that we could do that we aren’t.
In Class Assignment 2/22
- Im interested in where these issues and conversations bump into each other: how effective do family members find hospice care? how much confidence do they have in this form of care?
- Useful search terms: hospice care, public health, effects on family
- Here’s an article I found: Family evaluation of hospice care: Examining direct and indirect associations with overall satisfaction and caregiver confidence, Written by Jason M. Holland in the Palliative and Supportive Care Journal.
- The research in this piece uses a lot of data and numbers. The piece goes on to contextualize this data and research by the end of the piece. A large portion of the piece is explaining how exactly the research worked. At the end, there is a results section as well as a discussion section. This is where the contextualizing of the research and data takes place.
http://nq5hl7cp9d.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Family+evaluation+of+hospice+care%3A+Examining+direct+and+indirect+associations+with+overall+satisfaction+and+caregiver+confidence&rft.jtitle=Palliative+and+Supportive+Care&rft.au=Holland%2C+Jason+M&rft.au=Keene%2C+Jennifer+R&rft.au=Kirkendall%2C+Abbie&rft.au=Luna%2C+Nora&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.issn=1478-9515&rft.eissn=1478-9523&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=901&rft.epage=908&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1478951514000595&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=53224718¶mdict=en-US
In Class Activity
I’m interested in where these issues/conversations bump into each other:
Elderly lives and what keeps them going and the intersections that race and class have with the two.
Here is an article I’ve found at this intersection (include title, author, place of publication, not just a url): “The Relationship Between Spiritual Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Elderly People,” Ali, Marhemat, Sara, & Hamid, 2015, in Holistic Nursing Practice, May/June 2015.
Here’s how research is working in this article (using Harris’s terminology): This article is a description and presentation of a study. Thus, there is research at play throughout this entire piece. Apart from the visual research portrayed through the graphs and tables, there is also the written research descriptions and assessments throughout the piece. Ali, et al, relies heavily on numbers to show to the reader that the conclusions they are drawing are statistically correct and cannot be disproven unless their research methods were faulty. Based on the heavy use of numbers, I am inclined to believe that the authors are writing this piece for a more academic and scholarly audience, because the average person does not know what all these numbers mean in context to the study. Thus, while this article may be heavy on numbers, it is not exactly an article that would get me closer to finding out what I need to know/writing my Unit 2 paper.
In-Class Activity 2/22
- I am interested in how end-of-life care is viewed by family members. Once their loved one is gone are they happy with how they were taken care of? Was it hospice care or in a hospital or both? What factors lead them to decide if it was a “good” death or “bad” death?
- Search Terms: end-of-life care, hospice care, public health, good death, bad death
- Here is an article titled Family Perspectives on Aggressive Cancer Care Near the End of Life. It was published in Boston, MA in the Journal of the American Medical Association and has multiple authors.
- The authors use many testimonials where they interviewed a close friend of family member of the deceased patient about their experiences. This has a few different purposes depending on what was said in the interview. This is an example of both illustrating and contextualizing. If you compile all of the results you get statistics on end-of-life care, but if you look at it individually and use certain stories the person’s experience is being illustrated to the reader.
Blog Post assignment for 2/24
I am very much interested in researching the root causes and solutions to obesity. I want to know why it is more prevalent in the United States than in other developed countries. Is it cultural? Is it related to how our healthcare system operates? Is it what or how we eat/drink? Some useful search terms I have used are “causes of American obesity” “leading cause of obesity” “when did obesity epidemic began.” An interesting article I came across was “Epidemic of Obesity in U.S. Kids Began in Late 90s” from U.S. News and World Report written by Ellin Holohan. This text does a good job of authorizing. The author cites a study done by independent researchers. She directly quotes that researcher to help the reader understand the context. Throughout the entire text, there are quotes from the various researchers. She also gives a fairly lengthy description of the researchers background to add credibility to the author’s argument.
Here is the link: http://health.usnews.com/health-news/family-health/brain-and-behavior/articles/2011/07/21/epidemic-of-obesity-in-us-kids-began-in-late-90s
In class assignment 2/22
- I’m interested in where these issues/conversations bump into each other: [name those conversations–i.e. public health and social class and end-of-life]
- I am interested in how public health and hospice care go hand in hand. After going to Francis House two weeks ago, I wanted to learn more about hospice care/ end of life treatment for patients. I noticed the environment was very different from a typical hospital. It would be interesting to know reasons why people end up in hospice care and why end of life treatment is important for both the patients and families. Additionally, because I am an econ major, I am interested to see if hospice care is better off economically compared to the other methods of dealing with end of life care.
- 2. Here are some of the search terms I’m finding productive in this quest: [list them here]
- End of Life
- Public Health
- Hospice Care
3. Here is an article I’ve found at this intersection (include title, author, place of publication, not just a url): [note that this does not have to be your final choice for the research brief; you’re collecting possibilities at this point!]
- http://nq5hl7cp9d.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hospice+care+reduces+end-of-life+costs%2C+hospitalizations+for+Medicare+beneficiaries&rft.jtitle=HEM%2FONC+Today&rft.au=Alexandra+Todak&rft.au=Mark+Leiser&rft.au=T+Declan+Walsh&rft.date=2015-12-25&rft.pub=SLACK+INCORPORATED&rft.issn=1526-0488&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=138&rft.externalDocID=3925334011¶mdict=en-US
Title: Hospice care reduces end-of-life costs, hospitalizations for Medicare beneficiaries
Author: Alexandra Todak
Place of Publication: United States
4. Here’s how research is working in this article (using Harris’s terminology): [discuss specific passages from the article and name those uses—illustrating, borrowing, extending, authorizing, contextualizing]
- The author here does a great job with illustrating/contextualizing her points with using statistics done through a test and past studies done about end of life care with with economics. The author here. She uses references from authors who wrote in JAMA (The Journal of American Medical Association).
Class Notes: Monday 2/22
Unit 2: Where we’re headed
- Locating and using research
- End goal is your “Research Brief”
o very focused analysis of a single scholarly article that connects with questions you are becoming interested in as a result of your service work
Scholarly Texts
- Author is expert in the field
- Style is academic
o Narrowly defined purpose and audience
o No need for general audience appeal
- Research is significant and well-documented
- “Peer-reviewed”—other certified experts in the field have endorsed
Chapter 2, “Rewriting”
Forwarding
- When responding to a text, your not sending a response back to the author, instead you are forwarding information to others
- Content can change depending on who is forwarding information and who is receiving forwarded information
Forwarding depends on:
- Coming to terms with the text
o Define the project
o Note keywords/passages
o Assess the uses and limits (what’s useful? what are some issues?)
- Recirculation—-“rewriting”
Moves in using research
- Using texts to think about
o Illustrating- examples
o Contextualizing- historical/statistical
- Using texts to think with
o Authorizing- validation through expertise
o Borrowing- using other’s theories/terminologies
o Extending- putting your spin on concepts from other texts
Getting ready to turn in Research Brief
- Choose topic
- Find articles
- Read to be conversant
- Figure out genre
- Write it